《君主论·第三章·混合君主国》第3节
Now I say that those dominions which, when acquired, are added to an ancient state by him who acquires them, are either of the same country and language, or they are not. When they are, it is easier to hold them, especially when they have not been accustomed to self-government; and to hold them securely it is enough to have destroyed the family of the prince who was ruling them; because the two peoples, preserving in other things the old conditions, and not being unlike in customs, will live quietly together, as one has seen in Brittany, Burgundy, Gascony, and Normandy, which have been bound to France for so long a time: and, although there may be some difference in language, nevertheless the customs are alike, and the people will easily be able to get on amongst themselves. He who has annexed them, if he wishes to hold them, has only to bear in mind two considerations: the one, that the family of their former lord is extinguished; the other, that neither their laws nor their taxes are altered, so that in a very short time they will become entirely one body with the old principality.
注释摘要
马基雅维利在这一段开始对混合君主国作更细致的分类。他的基本框架很简单：新获得的领土如果被并入一个已有的古老国家，那么治理的难易首先取决于一个关键条件——这片土地与征服者的国家是否共享同一种语言和习俗。他从最容易的情形说起，也就是语言和风俗相同的地区。 这一判断背后有他对十五世纪法国王权扩张的观察。布列塔尼、勃艮第、加斯科涅和诺曼底这些地区，虽然在不同时期以…