《乌合之众·第一编·群体的心理·群体的情感与道德》第20节
Being in doubt as to what constitutes truth or error, and having, on the other hand, a clear notion of its strength, a crowd is as disposed to give authoritative effect to its inspirations as it is intolerant. An individual may accept contradiction and discussion; a crowd will never do so. At public meetings the slightest contradiction on the part of an orator is immediately received with howls of fury and violent invective, soon followed by blows, and expulsion should the orator stick to his point. Without the restraining presence of the representatives of authority the contradictor, indeed, would often be done to death. Dictatorialness and intolerance are common to all categories of crowds, but they are met with in a varying degree of intensity. Here, once more, reappears that fundamental notion of race which dominates all the feelings and all the thoughts of men. It is more especially in Latin crowds that authoritativeness and intolerance are found developed in the highest measure. In fact, their development is such in crowds of Latin origin that they have entirely destroyed that sentiment of the independence of the individual so powerful in the Anglo-Saxon. Latin crowds are only concerned with the collective independence of the sect to which they belong, and the characteristic feature of their conception of independence is the need they experience of bringing those who are in disagreement with themselves into immediate and violent subjection to their beliefs. Among the Latin races the Jacobins of every epoch, from those of the Inquisition downwards, have never been able to attain to a different conception of liberty.
注释摘要
勒庞在这一段试图证明，群众一旦聚集，便无法容忍任何不同意见。他用了公开集会的例子来支撑这一观点：演讲者只要遭到一点反驳，便会被怒吼、辱骂甚至暴力驱赶，如果没有警察在场，持异议者很可能被当场打死。他由此推至一个更普遍的判断——独断与不容忍是所有群体的共同特征。在这一点上，勒庞再次掏出他全书反复用到的一个论证工具：种族差异。他认为拉丁族群尤其严重，甚至把这种不…