《乌合之众·第一编·群体的心理·群体的一般特征·心理统一律》第10节
It is for these reasons that juries are seen to deliver verdicts of which each individual juror would disapprove, that parliamentary assemblies adopt laws and measures of which each of their members would disapprove in his own person. Taken separately, the men of the Convention were enlightened citizens of peaceful habits. United in a crowd, they did not hesitate to give their adhesion to the most savage proposals, to guillotine individuals most clearly innocent, and, contrary to their interests, to renounce their inviolability and to decimate themselves. It is not only by his acts that the individual in a crowd differs essentially from himself. Even before he has entirely lost his independence, his ideas and feelings have undergone a transformation, and the transformation is so profound as to change the miser into a spendthrift, the sceptic into a believer, the honest man into a criminal, and the coward into a hero. The renunciation of all its privileges which the nobility voted in a moment of enthusiasm during the celebrated night of August 4, 1789, would certainly never have been consented to by any of its members taken singly.
注释摘要
在这段文字中，勒庞试图为他提出的群体心理机制提供一个政治与司法领域的具体验证。他的论证逻辑是：既然个体在群体中会丧失有意识人格、受无意识支配，并因匿名性和暗示的作用而屈从于集体情感，那么这种转变必然会在陪审团和议会这样的制度化群体中留下痕迹。他举出陪审团做出每个成员单独时都不赞成的裁决，以及议会通过每个议员单独时都会反对的法律，来证明群体并非个体意志的总和…