《查拉图斯特拉如是说·序言》第8节
No shepherd, and one herd! Every one wanteth the same; every one is equal: he who hath other sentiments goeth voluntarily into the madhouse. “Formerly all the world was insane,”—say the subtlest of them, and blink thereby. They are clever and know all that hath happened: so there is no end to their raillery. People still fall out, but are soon reconciled—otherwise it spoileth their stomachs. They have their little pleasures for the day, and their little pleasures for the night, but they have a regard for health. “We have discovered happiness,”—say the last men, and blink thereby.— And here ended the first discourse of Zarathustra, which is also called “The Prologue”: for at this point the shouting and mirth of the multitude interrupted him. “Give us this last man, O Zarathustra,”—they called out—“make us into these last men! Then will we make thee a present of the Superman!” And all the people exulted and smacked their lips. Zarathustra, however, turned sad, and said to his heart: “They understand me not: I am not the mouth for these ears. Too long, perhaps, have I lived in the mountains; too much have I hearkened unto the brooks and trees: now do I speak unto them as unto the goatherds. Calm is my soul, and clear, like the mountains in the morning. But they think me cold, and a mocker with terrible jests. And now do they look at me and laugh: and while they laugh they hate me too. There is ice in their laughter.”
注释摘要
查拉图斯特拉对人群宣讲“末人”，本意是以此为反面教材，用最可蔑视的形象去刺痛听众的自尊，结果他的话彻底落空了。人群中爆发出的不是羞耻，而是欢呼，他们高喊着要把“末人”当作礼物收下，甚至要拿“超人”来交换。这一幕构成了序言里最具反讽意味的转折，也是查拉图斯特拉第一次下山的第一个重大挫败。 他所描绘的“末人”，核心特征就浓缩在那句“没有牧人，只有一群”里面。牧…