《查拉图斯特拉如是说·第四部》第40节
Do not will anything beyond your power: there is a bad falseness in those who will beyond their power. Especially when they will great things! For they awaken distrust in great things, these subtle false-coiners and stage-players:— —Until at last they are false towards themselves, squint-eyed, whited cankers, glossed over with strong words, parade virtues and brilliant false deeds. Take good care there, ye higher men! For nothing is more precious to me, and rarer, than honesty. Is this to-day not that of the populace? The populace however knoweth not what is great and what is small, what is straight and what is honest: it is innocently crooked, it ever lieth. Have a good distrust to-day ye, higher men, ye enheartened ones! Ye open-hearted ones! And keep your reasons secret! For this to-day is that of the populace. What the populace once learned to believe without reasons, who could— refute it to them by means of reasons? And on the market-place one convinceth with gestures. But reasons make the populace distrustful. And when truth hath once triumphed there, then ask yourselves with good distrust: “What strong error hath fought for it?” Be on your guard also against the learned! They hate you, because they are unproductive! They have cold, withered eyes before which every bird is unplumed. Such persons vaunt about not lying: but inability to lie is still far from being love to truth. Be on your guard! Freedom from fever is still far from being knowledge! Refrigerated spirits I do not believe in. He who cannot lie, doth not know what truth is. If ye would go up high, then use your own legs! Do not get yourselves CARRIED aloft; do not seat yourselves on other people’s backs and heads! Thou hast mounted, however, on horseback? Thou now ridest briskly up to thy goal? Well, my friend! But thy lame foot is also with thee on horseback! When thou reachest thy goal, when thou alightest from thy horse: precisely on thy HEIGHT, thou higher man,—then wilt thou stumble! Ye creating ones, ye higher men! One is only pregnant with one’s own child. Do not let yourselves be imposed upon or put upon! Who then is YOUR neighbour? Even if ye act “for your neighbour”—ye still do not create for him! Unlearn, I pray you, this “for,” ye creating ones: your very virtue wisheth you to have naught to do with “for” and “on account of” and “because.” Against these false little words shall ye stop your ears. “For one’s neighbour,” is the virtue only of the petty people: there it is said “like and like,” and “hand washeth hand”:—they have neither the right nor the power for YOUR self-seeking!
注释摘要
这段言辞是查拉图斯特拉对聚集在他洞穴中的“高等人”所做的长篇训诫的收束部分，语气从先前的宏大宣告陡然转为冷峻而细密的告诫。此刻他不再描绘超人的远景，而是像一位严厉的医生，剖开面前这些“高等人”自身可能潜藏的病灶。这段话的核心张力在于一种深层的悖论：你们渴求伟大，但你们身上那些模仿伟大、装点伟大的姿态，恰恰是通往真实的伟大最大的障碍。 他劈头就划出一道严格的…