《查拉图斯特拉如是说·第二部》第10节
And others are there who go along heavily and creakingly, like carts taking stones downhill: they talk much of dignity and virtue—their drag they call virtue! And others are there who are like eight-day clocks when wound up; they tick, and want people to call ticking—virtue. Verily, in those have I mine amusement: wherever I find such clocks I shall wind them up with my mockery, and they shall even whirr thereby! And others are proud of their modicum of righteousness, and for the sake of it do violence to all things: so that the world is drowned in their unrighteousness. Ah! how ineptly cometh the word “virtue” out of their mouth! And when they say: “I am just,” it always soundeth like: “I am just—revenged!” With their virtues they want to scratch out the eyes of their enemies; and they elevate themselves only that they may lower others. And again there are those who sit in their swamp, and speak thus from among the bulrushes: “Virtue—that is to sit quietly in the swamp. We bite no one, and go out of the way of him who would bite; and in all matters we have the opinion that is given us.” And again there are those who love attitudes, and think that virtue is a sort of attitude. Their knees continually adore, and their hands are eulogies of virtue, but their heart knoweth naught thereof. And again there are those who regard it as virtue to say: “Virtue is necessary”; but after all they believe only that policemen are necessary. And many a one who cannot see men’s loftiness, calleth it virtue to see their baseness far too well: thus calleth he his evil eye virtue.— And some want to be edified and raised up, and call it virtue: and others want to be cast down,—and likewise call it virtue. And thus do almost all think that they participate in virtue; and at least every one claimeth to be an authority on “good” and “evil.” But Zarathustra came not to say unto all those liars and fools: “What do YE know of virtue! What COULD ye know of virtue!”— But that ye, my friends, might become weary of the old words which ye have learned from the fools and liars: That ye might become weary of the words “reward,” “retribution,” “punishment,” “righteous vengeance.”— That ye might become weary of saying: “That an action is good is because it is unselfish.” Ah! my friends! That YOUR very Self be in your action, as the mother is in the child: let that be YOUR formula of virtue! Verily, I have taken from you a hundred formulae and your virtue’s favourite playthings; and now ye upbraid me, as children upbraid. They played by the sea—then came there a wave and swept their playthings into the deep: and now do they cry. But the same wave shall bring them new playthings, and spread before them new speckled shells! Thus will they be comforted; and like them shall ye also, my friends, have your comforting—and new speckled shells!— Thus spake Zarathustra.
注释摘要
这一节属于第二十六章“论有德者”，查拉图斯特拉在此并非针对某一群人，而是面对他的一般听众——他的朋友与门徒——在剖析种种假冒的、自以为是的“美德”。他此刻的姿态是一个揭穿者，用一系列快速变换的讽刺画像，把时人挂在嘴边的“德行”一层层剥开，暴露出底下各不相同的自我欺骗和权力欲。 他首先描画的是一种把德行当成沉重负担的人：车子在往下运石头时、自身即被重负拖拽着…