《君主论·第七章·凭他人武力与命运获得的新君主国》第10节
Julius II was Giuliano della Rovere, Cardinal of San Pietro ad Vincula, born 1443, died 1513. When all the actions of the duke are recalled, I do not know how to blame him, but rather it appears to be, as I have said, that I ought to offer him for imitation to all those who, by the fortune or the arms of others, are raised to government. Because he, having a lofty spirit and far-reaching aims, could not have regulated his conduct otherwise, and only the shortness of the life of Alexander and his own sickness frustrated his designs. Therefore, he who considers it necessary to secure himself in his new principality, to win friends, to overcome either by force or fraud, to make himself beloved and feared by the people, to be followed and revered by the soldiers, to exterminate those who have power or reason to hurt him, to change the old order of things for new, to be severe and gracious, magnanimous and liberal, to destroy a disloyal soldiery and to create new, to maintain friendship with kings and princes in such a way that they must help him with zeal and offend with caution, cannot find a more lively example than the actions of this man.
注释摘要
这段文字位于第七章的末尾，是马基雅维利对切萨雷·博尔贾这位“凭他人武力与命运获得政权”的君主的总体评价。整章的论证逻辑是一贯的：他先是以弗朗切斯科·斯福尔扎为例，说明凭自身能力崛起的新君主，根基稳固，保有政权并不费力；接着以博尔贾为对照，仔细铺陈这位公爵在父亲亚历山大六世庇护下迅速夺得罗马涅，又在父亲去世后骤然失势的全过程。在这一段之前，马基雅维利已经一步…