《沉思录·卷四·退隐于自己的心》第5条
Death is such as generation is, a mystery of nature; composition out of the same elements, and a decomposition into the same; and altogether not a thing of which any man should be ashamed, for it is not contrary to [the nature of] a reasonable animal, and not contrary to the reason of our constitution.
注释摘要
死亡在这里被奥勒留等同为出生。出生是元素的组合,死亡是元素的分解;两者是同一种自然过程的两个方向,主体是同一批物质材料。斯多葛物理学的根本前提是彻底的物体主义,宇宙中只存在两种原理:被动原理是质料,主动原理是逻各斯即宇宙理性,它贯穿并塑造万物。生命体的成形是质料在特定逻各斯作用下的暂时凝合,它的消散则意味着这同一个构造性原理撤离,质料回归宇宙的普遍流转。奥…