《乌合之众·第三编·不同群体的分类与描述·所谓犯罪群体》第3节
We shall find all these characteristics present in a crowd which has left behind it in French history the most sinister memories--the crowd which perpetrated the September massacres. In point of fact it offers much similarity with the crowd that committed the Saint Bartholomew massacres. I borrow the details from the narration of M. Taine, who took them from contemporary sources. It is not known exactly who gave the order or made the suggestion to empty the prisons by massacring the prisoners. Whether it was Danton, as is probable, or another does not matter; the one interesting fact for us is the powerful suggestion received by the crowd charged with the massacre. The crowd of murderers numbered some three hundred persons, and was a perfectly typical heterogeneous crowd. With the exception of a very small number of professional scoundrels, it was composed in the main of shopkeepers and artisans of every trade: bootmakers, locksmiths, hairdressers, masons, clerks, messengers, &c. Under the influence of the suggestion received they are perfectly convinced, as was the cook referred to above, that they are accomplishing a patriotic duty. They fill a double office, being at once judge and executioner, but they do not for a moment regard themselves as criminals.
注释摘要
勒庞在这一段里想进一步夯实他关于“犯罪群体”的核心论点：群体的暴力行为从法律上看是犯罪，但从心理机制上看却与通常的罪犯截然不同。他举出的例证是法国大革命期间留下最阴暗记忆的九月屠杀，并特意将它与圣巴托罗缪大屠杀相提并论，意在说明类似的群体心理可以跨越时代重现。他所依据的细节来自泰纳从当时材料中整理的叙述，尽管泰纳本人带有很强的保守派立场，勒庞却全盘接受，因…